高考必掌握:定语从句详解与应用攻略
作者:佚名|分类:考试知识|浏览:83
一、定语从句语法知识点
定语从句语法知识点
方法一: 选择关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语时需用关系代词;不及物动词则需用关系副词。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with.
判断改错题,需正确选择关系词。题示答案如下:
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last.
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the.
习惯上,表地点或时间的名词常与关系副词 where, when联系。此题错在关系词误用。
方法二: 准确判断先行词在从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例如:
Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
that on which the one
Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was
that on the one
答案:例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days.
例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,关系词 where, that, on which不能做宾语,the one可做表语及宾语,可省略关系代词,故选D。
在句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句为地点状语,可用副词where或介词in + which。on 用在此处错误,故选A。
关系词的选择依据从句中所做成分:先行词做主、定、宾语时,用关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose);做状语时,用关系副词 (where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语)。
二、定语从句的所有知识点
知识点:
定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
三、定语从句知识点归纳有哪些
定语从句知识点归纳如下:
1、先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none 等不定代词或由不定代词 any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all 等修饰时,引导定语从句用 that 不用 which。
2、先行词被形容成最高级或序数词修饰且只物时,引导定语从句用 that。
3、先行词中既有人又有事物时引导定语从句用 that。
4、先行词被 the very,the only 等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用 that。
5、当先行词前面有 who/which 等疑问代词时,只有that。

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